Immunity in Horses: How Nature Fights Disease, briefly describe the 3 different kinds of immunity and how they act to protect the horse from disease

Immunity in Horses: How Nature Fights Disease

Immunity is nature’s defense against disease, helping to protect horses from potential harm. There are three primary types of immunity: innate, adaptive, and passive. Innate immunity is the body’s first line of defense, consisting of physical barriers such as the skin and mucus membranes, as well as chemical factors such as natural antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides. This type of immunity is present from birth and is not specific to any particular organism or antigen. Adaptive immunity is the body’s second line of defense and is acquired over time through exposure to various pathogens and antigens. This type of immunity is specific to particular organisms or antigens, and involves the production of antibodies by B- and T-cells. Lastly, passive immunity is acquired from another animal, either through the transfer of antibodies through the placenta or via the ingestion of colostrum. This type of immunity is temporary, and is only effective for a few weeks or months (Kanakam et al., 2019; O’Neill, 2021). All three types of immunity act together to protect horses from disease. Innate immunity helps to prevent infection by physical and chemical barriers, while adaptive immunity helps to fight infection through the production of antibodies. Passive immunity helps protect newborn foals by providing them with protection from the mother’s antibodies in the first few weeks of life. Together, these three types of immunity help to keep horses healthy and safe from disease. Cont….