Spike Protein and the Coronavirus Envelope: The Function
Spike protein can be found in the coronavirus envelope. It is an integral part of the virus’s lifecycle. It is responsible for facilitating the attachment of the virus to the host cell, allowing for the virus to enter and begin replicating (Chávez-Olórtegui et al., 2020). The protein comprises a receptor binding domain (RBD), and a fuse peptide. RBD is responsible to binding to host cells receptors, and fusion peptide for the fusion between the virus’s host cells membranes. (von Brunn, et al. (2018) The Spike protein is attached to the cell receptor and the virus can then enter the host cells to reproduce its genetic material. The replication process includes the creation of new proteins and the release of virus particles. Spike proteins play a critical role in the development of coronaviruses (Ding, 2021).
The Spike protein is also able to identify the virus once it has entered the body. Vaccines that attack the Spike protein have been created to stimulate immune system development of antibodies. (Lopez Garcia et. al. 2020). This method has proved to be effective against the disease. Cont…
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